Nursing Care Plan for Stomach Cancer
But according to some experts, the cause of stomach cancer is suspected because of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, less healthy eating patterns, consuming less vegetable fiber, or fruit and unhealthy lifestyles, such as smoking, alcohol consumption and eating food that is burned.
In the early stages, the symptoms of gastric cancer is not clear. This can lead to gastric cancer patients often come to the doctor in a state of advanced stage. Symptoms at this stage may include a burning sensation in the pit of the stomach, weight loss and discomfort in the upper abdomen.
While symptoms at an advanced stage may include pain in the upper abdomen, nausea, vomiting, drastic weight loss, vomiting of blood, black bowel, anemia and accompanied by symptoms spread in other organs. For example, an enlarged liver, jaundice, enlarged abdomen due to accumulation of fluid or ascites, and so forth.
Nursing Diagnosis : Chronic Pain related to irritation of the mucosa of the esophagus, surgical response.
Goal: Pain is reduced or adapted.
Expected outcomes:
- Subjectively say the pain is reduced or adapted.
- Pain scale 0-2.
- Vital signs within normal limits.
- The face looks relaxed.
Interventions and Rationale :
1. Explain and help the patient with pain relief measures, non-pharmacological and noninvasive.
R/ : Approach by using relaxation and nonpharmacological therapy has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing pain.
2. Assess pain with PQRST approach.
R/ : PQRST approach can comprehensively assess the condition of the patient's pain. If the patient experiences pain scale 3 (on a scale of 0-4), this is a warning that needs to be alert because the clinical manifestations of postoperative complications esophagectomy.
3. Rest the patient when pain appears.
R /: Rest, physiologically reduces the need for oxygen required for basal metabolic needs.
4. Encourage deep breathing relaxation techniques when pain appears.
R /: Increase the intake of oxygen, thereby decreasing pain, secondary to intestinal ischemia.
5. Teach technique of distraction during painful.
R /: Distraction (diversion) can reduce internal stimulation.
6. Treating patients in intensive care.
R /: In order to control the patient's pain must be treated in intensive care. Quiet environment will reduce external pain stimulus. Restrictions on visitors to help improve the condition of the room oxygen which would be reduced if a lot of visitors who are in the room. Rest will decrease the oxygen demand of peripheral tissues.
7. Perform touch management.
R /: Touch management - a touch of psychological support - can help reduce pain.
8. Increase knowledge of patients regarding the causes of pain and develop how long the pain will last.
R /: Knowledge will help reduce the pain and can help develop a plan patient adherence to therapy.
